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INTRODUCTION
Within the periodic table, the s-block is located to the far left and includes all of the elements in the first two columns (columns 1 and 2) plus helium, which is located in the top right corner in column 8A (column 18 on some versions of the periodic table). In the periodic table below, the s-block is colored yellow.
The s-block elements are the 14 elements contained within these yellow columns.
The electrons present in an atom occupy various sub-orbitals of available energy levels in the order of increasing energy. The last electron of an atom may find itself in either of the s, p, d and f subshells. Accordingly, the elements of the atom having their last valence electron present in the s-suborbital are called the s block elements.
The s-block elements having only one electron in their s-orbital are called group one or alkali metals whereas the s block elements having two electrons filling their s-orbital are called group two or alkaline earth metals.
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