Laboratory Practice and Management
About Course
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This is a comprehensive course unit designed to empower prospective laboratory technicians with knowledge skills and attitudes necessary for working in a modern science laboratory. The course shall demonstrate concepts, procedures and techniques involved in general practice and management of laboratory facility, staff and resources including ; handling ,storage and disposal of laboratory samples, reagents, apparatus , equipment, specimens and records while also ensuring attainment of quality assurance standards , biosafety of all laboratory users. The course is suitable for students pursuing certificate and diploma courses in Science Laboratory Technology, Applied Biology, Medical Laboratory Technology, Analytical Chemistry, Food Science and Technology and Environmental Science and Technology
What Will You Learn?
- we will learn the basic requirements and features of a standard laboratory
Course Content
Laboratory Design and Layout
In this topic. we will;
1.Discuss the importance of laboratory design and layout.
2.Describe standards for a good science laboratory.
3.Describe the essential features of a prep room and a laboratory store.
4.Describe the basic laboratory services
Laboratory Safety and Housekeeping
Objectives
To highlight the importance of laboratory housekeeping practices and how its proper integration into laboratory management can:
1.Create order and good organization
2.Increase safety
3.Increase efficiency
4.In this chapter, we will discuss
5.The importance of laboratory housekeeping
6.Ways of enhancing good laboratory housekeeping practices
Personal Protective Equipments
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this topic is to highlight the importance of protective equipment’s and how its proper integration into laboratory management can to reduce:
1.Injury and deaths to laboratory users
2.Contamination of laboratory reagents and specimens
In this chapter, we will
1.Discuss the importance of laboratory protective equipment.
2.Describe the various types of laboratory protective equipment
3.Describe how to use laboratory protective equipment’s.
4.Describe how to care for laboratory protective equipment’s
Laboratory Hazards
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this chapter is to highlight the importance of laboratory hazards, how to identify and get rid (or minimize) of them from the laboratory.
In this chapter, we will
1.Describe the various types of laboratory hazards and.
2.Describe causes of laboratory hazards
3.Describe the general ways to avoid laboratory hazards.
First Aid
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this chapter is to prepare you as a first aider, psychologically and emotionally, as well as by giving practical advice on what you should and should not do in a laboratory emergency. After studying the material in this chapter, you will be able to:
1.Define first aid
2.Recognize the reasons why first aid is given
3.Manage an emergency situation safely
4.Assess the sick or injured persons.
5.Identify general directions for giving first aid
Laboratory Apparatus
This topic focuses on the importance of handling, care and cleaning of laboratory wares.
In this chapter, we will
1.Classify the various laboratory wares.
2.Discuss use of various laboratory wares
3.Describe various cleaning methods for various laboratory stains
4.Describe the various laboratory cleaning agents
Laboratory Cleaning
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this topic is to learn the importance of ensuring general and overall cleanness of laboratory items and surfaces.
In this chapter, we will:
1.Discuss the various types of dirt and stains.
2.Discuss the general methods of cleaning laboratory apparatus and surfaces.
3.Describe various types cleaning agents used for cleaning laboratory items.
4.Outline preparation of laboratory cleaning agents.
5.Discuss various methods used in sterilization and disinfections of laboratory items.
Sterilization Techniques
Sterilization, also called biological cleaning is a bit more involving than chemical cleaning. This is because it involves total killing of microorganism’s present on the apparatus.
There are two methods used in sterilization.
1.Physical methods
2.Chemical methods
Laboratory Waste Management
OBJECTIVES
This chapter presents methods for the management and ultimate disposal of laboratory waste that may present as hazards.
The objectives of these chapter are
b.To identify types of laboratory wastes
c.To identify sources of laboratory wastes
d.To describe methods of managing laboratory wastes
Laboratory Chemicals and Reagents
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this chapter are to learn the importance of proper handling, preparation, storage and disposal of laboratory chemicals and reagents.
In this chapter, we will
1.Discuss the various categories of laboratory reagents.
2.Discuss the general storage guidelines for laboratory chemicals.
3.Describe in details the various methods of handling, storage, and disposal of laboratory chemicals.
4.Discuss how to segregate non compatible laboratory chemicals.
5.Discuss the basic terms and concepts of preparing Solutions.
6.Describe how to prepare various laboratory reagents and solutions
Laboratory Solution Preparation
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of these topic are:
1.To define terms used in solution preparation
2.To prepare various concentrations of solutions
3.To prepare bench reagents
Laboratory Equipments
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this chapter are to give a better understanding of the technical requirements regarding installation, use and maintenance of various types of equipment which play an important role in performing laboratory tests.
In this chapter, we will
1.Identify the various types of laboratory equipment’s
2.Discuss the use of the equipments.
3. Describe the components of the equipments.
4.Discuss the operational mechanisms of the equipments
5.Outline the general care and maintenance for the equipments
Laboratory Animals
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this chapter is to give a better understanding of the technical requirements regarding handling, care and maintained of various laboratory animals
In this chapter, we will;
1. Identify the various types of laboratory animals.
2.Discuss the general care and handling of laboratory animals.
3. Describe the various methods of restraining and humane killing laboratory animals
4.Discuss care of specific disease free (SPF)and Gnotobiotic animals
Cryogenic Technology
Cryogens are substances (liquids or fluids) usually at very extreme low temperatures (below –150 °C, –238 °F or 123 K). Cryogenic technology can be defined as the study of the production of low temperature fluids, measurements at low temperatures, and behavior of these materials at low temperature and how to produce them. It is also concerned with the application of low temperature processes and techniques
Glass Blowing Technology
OBJECTIVES
In this chapter, we will
1.Define the term glassblowing
2.Discuss importance of glassblowing in the laboratory
3.Describe composition and properties of glass used for glassblowing
4.Describe various tools used for glassblowing
5.Describe glass blowing techniques used in making simple glass apparatus
6.Discuss various conditions encountered in glass blowing
7.Discuss how to correct conditions encountered in glass blowing
Vacuum Technology
OBJECTIVES
In this chapter, we will
1.Define the term vacuum and degrees of vacuum
2.Discuss types of vacuum system
3.Describe how vacuum is created
4.Describe various types of vacuum pumps
5.Describe instruments for measuring vacuums
6.Discuss leaks and leaks detection in vacuum systems
7.Discuss materials used in vacuum system construction
8.Discuss vacuum cleaning techniques
9.Discuss applications of vacuums
Photographic Technology
Photography simply means writing, drawing or printing with light. Light is therefore most fundamental in photography because without it then no photographs will be produced.
Light is a form of energy, it’s a source of all colors and its composed of different wavelengths, those that are of importance in photography are those that fall within the visible region of the electromagnetic spectra because they can be perceived by the human eye. These are composed of different colors e.g. red, blue green yellow orange etc.
Laboratory Inventory Management
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this chapter is to give a better understanding of good inventory management practices . In this chapter, we will:
1.Describe the importance of good laboratory stock management practices
2.Define the various terms used in inventory management
3.Discuss ways to monitor, control and record laboratory stock
Laboratory Inspection
The laboratory inspection is the safety audit of the conditions and operations that occur on a daily basis in a specific laboratory.
Laboratory inspections are conducted at least annually to ensure safety and compliance with all applicable lab safety regulations and guidelines. These inspections are also intended to provide a formal opportunity for laboratory personnel to ask questions regarding any aspect of lab safety in order to improve overall compliance.
Laboratory inspectors need to have a greater understanding of safe laboratory operations. The lab inspector needs a higher level of laboratory safety training to be able to recognize problem areas and be able to ask questions and eliminate the hazards.
Laboratory Management
The objectives of this topic are to;
1.Describe what management is.
2.Explain the primary functions of management.
3.Describe the primary types of managers and the roles they play.
Principles of Laboratory Management
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this topic are to;
1.Describe what management is.
2.Explain the primary functions of management.
3.Describe the primary types of managers and the roles they play.
Schools and Theories of Management
The objectives of this topic are
1. To understand the way in which management thought has evolved in the West since 1900;
2. To appreciate how these 'theories' may be applied today;
3. To compare and contrast the various theories presented
Management Functions
OBJECTIVES
1. To describe the process of management's five functions: planning, organizing, staffing. leading, and controlling.
Delegation
Delegation is the process by which managers assign a portion of their total workload to others. It includes assigning formal authority and responsibility for completion of specific activities.
Line and Staff Relationship
The line and staff relationship is a form of organizational structure that exists in many companies. It refers to the relationship between line departments (also known as line units) and staff departments (also known as staff units).
Centralization and Decentralization
This refers to the extent to which decision-making power and authority is dispersed to lower levels. It also refers to the degree of delegation of duties, power and authority to lower levels of an organization.
Span of Control
Span of control management refers to the number of subordinates who report directly to a given superior.
Leadership
Leadership is an important aspect of management and the ability to lead is one of the keys to being an effective manager. Leadership is the art or process of influencing people so that they will strive willingly and enthusiastically toward achievement of group goals.
Effective leaders must be able to influence the thoughts and behavior of others towards the accomplishment of some goals or goal.
Motivation
One of the most important functions of management is to create willingness amongst the employees to perform in the best of their abilities. Therefore the role of a leader is to arouse interest in performance of employees in their jobs through motivating them to act in the desired direction.
Effective Communication
Effective communication is a process of exchanging ideas, thoughts, knowledge and information such that the purpose or intention is fulfilled in the best possible manner.
Management Styles
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of these topic are
1.Define the various types of management styles.
2.To discuss pros and cons of management styles.
3. Explain how we can determine which style to use in a variety of situations.
Labor Laws and Industrial Relationships
Labor laws refers to rules and regulations are put in place to govern the working relationship and protect the rights of employers and workers by clearly stipulating the obligations and responsibilities of each party to the employment. They are enforced by the Kenyan government agencies to ensure that there is harmony in the workplace
Woodwork Workshop Practice
Woodwork, also known as woodworking, is the craft or skill of creating objects or structures from wood using various tools and techniques. Woodwork encompasses a wide range of activities, from simple woodworking projects to complex furniture making and carpentry. It combines both practical skills and creativity to transform raw wood into functional or decorative items.
Metalwork Workshop Practice
Metalwork refers to the craft or skill of working with metal to create objects, structures, or components. It involves various processes, techniques, and tools to shape, manipulate, and join metal materials.
Plastics
Plastics are a group of synthetic materials made from polymers, which are large molecules composed of repeating subunits called monomers. Plastics have a wide range of applications due to their versatility, durability, lightweight nature, and ability to be molded into various shapes.
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