Course Content
Properties of Matter
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain the three states of matter. 2.Explain phenomenon of surface tension. 3.Explain gas laws.
0/3
Introduction
States Of Matter
Gas Laws
Measurement
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.State the basic and derived quantities of measurements 2.Describe quantities of measurements 3.State the SI units of quantities of measurements and their sub-multipliers 4.Convert units from one to another
0/4
Introduction
Measurement of Length and Distance
  Measurement of Mass and weight
 Measurement of Volume and Density
Pressure
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Define pressure 2.Determine pressure in solids and fluids 3.Explain the type of instruments used in measurement of pressure of gases 4.Explain transmission of presure in liquids
0/2
Introduction
Measuring Pressure
Force
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define force and its SI units 2.Explain types of force 3.Measure force 4.Work out calculations involving force 5.Explain Hooke’s law
0/3
Force
Friction Force
Centrifugal and Centripetal Force
Hooke’s Law
Hooke's Law  is a law named after 17th century British physicist Robert Hooke, who sought to demonstrate the relationship between the forces applied to a spring and its elasticity.
0/1
Hooke’s Law
Moments
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1. Define moments of a force 2.Explain principles of moments 3.Explain statics , dynamics and kinematics
0/1
Moments
Velocity and Speed
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to : 1.Define speed and velocity 2.Explain types of motion 3.Determine Linear Determine Circular Motion
0/1
Velocity and Speed
Work and Power
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Define work and power 2.Work out calculations involving work and power
0/1
Work and Power
Energy
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define energy 2.Explain forms of energy 3.Explain law of conservation of energy
0/1
Energy
Motion
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define motion 2.Explain causes of motion 3.Explain types of motion 4.Describe linear and circular motion
0/3
Introduction
Linear Motion 
Circular Motion
Newton’s Laws of Motion
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.State Newton’s laws of motion 2.Explain relationships between mass and inertia 3.Explain significance of Newton’s laws of motion
0/1
Newton’s Laws of Motion
Heat and Heat Transfer
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to 1.Define temperature and heat 2.Describe instruments used to measure temperature 3.Explain modes of heat transfer 4.Explain factors that influence heat transfer 5.Explain heat capacity, specific heat capacity and specific latent heat of substances 6. Work out calorimetric calculations
0/5
Introduction
Instruments Used For Measuring Temperature  
Heat Transfer
Measuring The Quantity Of Heat
Heat and Changes of State
Light
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Define light and its properties 2.Explain types of mirrors and lenses 3.Explain reflection and refraction of light 4. Explain the lens formulae
0/10
Introduction
Mirrors
Reflection 
Mirror Equation
Image Formation By Convex Mirror
Refraction Of Light
 Refractive index
Thin Lenses
The lens formula
 Uses of lenses on optical devices
WAVES
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to : 1. Define waves 2.Explain types of waves 3.Explain characteristics and properties of waves 4.Explain rectilinear propagation of waves 5.Describe refraction of waves 6.Describe sound and sound waves
0/6
Introduction
Electromagnetic Wave
Electromagnetic Wave
Properties of Waves
Rectilinear Propagation Of Waves
Sound and Sound Waves
Electrostatics
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Define electrostatics 2. Describe the working of electroscopes 3.Describe different methods of charging a body 4.Explain electric fields 5.Describe charge distribution on conductors’ surface 6. Describe capacitors and capacitance
0/5
Introduction
Gold Leaf Electroscope
Electric Fields
Charge Distribution on Conductors’ Surface
Capacitors And Capacitance
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define magnetism 2.Identify magnetic and non- magnetic materials 3.Explain properties of magnets 4.Describe magnetic field patterns 5.Describe making magnets 6.Explain domain theory of magnets 7.Describe magnetic effect of an electric current. 8. Describe electromagnets and electromagnetism 9.Describe electromagnetic induction
0/6
Introduction
Magnetic Field Patterns.
Making Magnets
Magnetic Effect of An Electric Current.
Electromagnetism 
Electromagnetic Induction
Current Electricity
CURRENT ELECTRICITY OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainer should be able to: 1. Define current and electricity 2.Electric potential difference 3.Explain use of a meters, voltmeters and resistors 4.Explain ohm’s law 5. Explain Electromotive force and internal resistance 6.Describe production of electric current 7.Describe simple cells, Leclanche’ cell, dry cells and lea-acid accumulators 8.Describe mains electricity 9.Describe domestic wiring
0/6
Introduction
Electric Potential Difference And Electric Current
Resistors and Resistance
Production Of Electric Current:
Heating Effect Of An Electric Current
Mains Electricity
Electromagnetic Spectrum
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Define magnetic spectrum 2. Explain properties of electromagnetic waves 3. Describe applications of electromagnetic radiation
0/2
Introduction
Properties and Application of Electromagnetic Waves
Radioactivity
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1. Define radioactivity 2.Classify radiations 3.Explain the properties of radiation materials 4.Describe nuclear fission and nuclear fusion 5.Describe methods for detecting nuclear radiation 6.Describe activity and half-life of elements 7. Discuss hazards of radioactivity and their precautions 8. Outline the applications of radioactivity
0/4
Introduction
Nuclear Fission
Activity and Half-Life Of Elements
Applications Of Radioactivity
Cathode and X-Rays
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1. Define cathode and X- rays 2.Explain production of cathode and X- ray 3.Explain properties of cathode and X- ray 4.Describe cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) 5. Describe the applications of Cathode and X-rays
0/2
Cathode Rays
X-Rays
Physics Techniques For Science Laboratory Technicians
About Lesson

Views: 21

Properties of Electromagnetic Waves

 Common properties

  1. They do not require a material medium and can travel through a vacuum.
  2. They undergo reflection, refraction and diffraction.

 iii. All electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light i.e.

 3 × 108 ms–

  1. They carry no electric charge
  2. They transfer energy from a source to a receiver in the form of oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
  3. They obey the wave equation (v = λ f).

Examples

  1. A VHF radio transmitter broadcasts radio waves at a frequency of 30 M Hz. What is their wavelength?

 Solution

  v = f λ => then λ = v / f = 3.0 × 108 / 300 × 106 = 1.00 m.

  1. Calculate the frequency of a radio wave of wavelength 150 m.

 Solution

 v = f λ =>f = v / λ = 2.0 × 106 = 2 M Hz.

Unique properties

  1. Radio waves – they are further divided into long waves (LW), medium waves (MW) and short waves (SW).

They are produced by electrical circuits called oscillators and they can be controlled accurately.

They are easily diffracted by small objects like houses but not by large objects like hills.

  1. Microwaves – they are produced by oscillation of charges in special aerials mounted on dishes. They are detected by special receivers which convert wave energy to sound i.e. ‘RADAR’ – Radio Detection and Raging.
  2. Infra-red radiation – infra-red radiations close to microwaves are thermal (produce heat) i.e. sun, fire but those closer to the visible light have no thermal properties i.e. TV remote control system. Detectors of infra-red radiation are the human skin, photographic film etc.
  3. Optical spectrum (visible light) – they form a tiny part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Sources include the sun, electricity, candles etc. these have wavelengths visible to the human eye and includes the optical spectrum (ROYGBIV). It is detected through the eyes, photographic films and photocells.
  4. Ultra-violet rays (UV) – has shorter wavelength than visible light. It is emitted by very hot objects i.e. the sun, welding machines etc. Exposure to UV rays may cause skin cancer and cataracts. They can be detected through photographic film.
  5. X-rays – they have very short wavelength but are high energy waves. They are produced in X-ray tubes when high speed electrons are stopped by a metallic object. They are detected by the use of a photographic film or a fluorescent screen.
  6. Gamma rays – produced by some radioactive materials when large changes of energy occur inside their nuclei.

 They can be detected by the use of photographic films, Geiger Muller tube or a cloud chamber.

 Applications of Electromagnetic Radiation

  1. Radio waves  

They are used in radio, TV and cellular mobile communications. -Used in military communications (satellite imagery) to form an image of the ground even when there are clouds.

  1. Microwaves 

They are used in

  1. Radar communications by giving direction and distance.
  2. Speed guns by the police to detect over speeding.
  3. Microwave ovens to warm food. The food becomes warm by absorbing energy.
  4. Used reliably for communication (telephone and computer data).
  5. Infra-red radiation –

They are

  1. used to produce images of hot objects through the colours
  2. Produced by the amount of heat dissipated by an object.
  3. Images produced by satellites give important information on vegetation cover in all areas of the globe. They can also detect fires.
  4. Used in hospitals to detect illnesses (diagnosis)
  5. Used in warfare missiles and burglar alarm systems
  6. Used in green houses to grow crops
  7. Visible light 

Visible light is used

  1. in remote sensing
  2. In seeing things (eyes,cameras and microscopes)
  3. -Used by plants in the process of photosynthesis
  4. Ultra-violet (UV) radiation 

UV radiation is

  1. Used to make reflective materials which absorb light and re-emit it as visible light.
  2. Used in banks to detect fake currency
  3. X-rays –

X-ray  is

  1. Used in hospitals to detect fractures, broken bones and in treatment of cancer (radiotherapy).
  2. Used to detect foreign materials in the body i.e. metals
  3. Used to detect invisible cracks in metal castings and welding joints
  4. Gamma rays 

Gamma rays are :

  1. Used to sterilize medical instruments
  2. Used to kill weevils in grain
  3. Used to take photographs same way like X-rays.
Join the conversation
Previous
Next

You cannot copy content of this page