Course Content
Properties of Matter
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain the three states of matter. 2.Explain phenomenon of surface tension. 3.Explain gas laws.
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Measurement
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.State the basic and derived quantities of measurements 2.Describe quantities of measurements 3.State the SI units of quantities of measurements and their sub-multipliers 4.Convert units from one to another
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Pressure
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Define pressure 2.Determine pressure in solids and fluids 3.Explain the type of instruments used in measurement of pressure of gases 4.Explain transmission of presure in liquids
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Force
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define force and its SI units 2.Explain types of force 3.Measure force 4.Work out calculations involving force 5.Explain Hooke’s law
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Hooke’s Law
Hooke's Law  is a law named after 17th century British physicist Robert Hooke, who sought to demonstrate the relationship between the forces applied to a spring and its elasticity.
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Moments
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1. Define moments of a force 2.Explain principles of moments 3.Explain statics , dynamics and kinematics
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Velocity and Speed
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to : 1.Define speed and velocity 2.Explain types of motion 3.Determine Linear Determine Circular Motion
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Work and Power
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Define work and power 2.Work out calculations involving work and power
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Energy
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define energy 2.Explain forms of energy 3.Explain law of conservation of energy
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Motion
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define motion 2.Explain causes of motion 3.Explain types of motion 4.Describe linear and circular motion
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Newton’s Laws of Motion
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.State Newton’s laws of motion 2.Explain relationships between mass and inertia 3.Explain significance of Newton’s laws of motion
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Heat and Heat Transfer
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to 1.Define temperature and heat 2.Describe instruments used to measure temperature 3.Explain modes of heat transfer 4.Explain factors that influence heat transfer 5.Explain heat capacity, specific heat capacity and specific latent heat of substances 6. Work out calorimetric calculations
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Light
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Define light and its properties 2.Explain types of mirrors and lenses 3.Explain reflection and refraction of light 4. Explain the lens formulae
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WAVES
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to : 1. Define waves 2.Explain types of waves 3.Explain characteristics and properties of waves 4.Explain rectilinear propagation of waves 5.Describe refraction of waves 6.Describe sound and sound waves
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Electrostatics
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Define electrostatics 2. Describe the working of electroscopes 3.Describe different methods of charging a body 4.Explain electric fields 5.Describe charge distribution on conductors’ surface 6. Describe capacitors and capacitance
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Magnetism and Electromagnetism
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define magnetism 2.Identify magnetic and non- magnetic materials 3.Explain properties of magnets 4.Describe magnetic field patterns 5.Describe making magnets 6.Explain domain theory of magnets 7.Describe magnetic effect of an electric current. 8. Describe electromagnets and electromagnetism 9.Describe electromagnetic induction
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Current Electricity
CURRENT ELECTRICITY OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainer should be able to: 1. Define current and electricity 2.Electric potential difference 3.Explain use of a meters, voltmeters and resistors 4.Explain ohm’s law 5. Explain Electromotive force and internal resistance 6.Describe production of electric current 7.Describe simple cells, Leclanche’ cell, dry cells and lea-acid accumulators 8.Describe mains electricity 9.Describe domestic wiring
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Electromagnetic Spectrum
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Define magnetic spectrum 2. Explain properties of electromagnetic waves 3. Describe applications of electromagnetic radiation
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Radioactivity
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1. Define radioactivity 2.Classify radiations 3.Explain the properties of radiation materials 4.Describe nuclear fission and nuclear fusion 5.Describe methods for detecting nuclear radiation 6.Describe activity and half-life of elements 7. Discuss hazards of radioactivity and their precautions 8. Outline the applications of radioactivity
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Cathode and X-Rays
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1. Define cathode and X- rays 2.Explain production of cathode and X- ray 3.Explain properties of cathode and X- ray 4.Describe cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) 5. Describe the applications of Cathode and X-rays
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Physics Techniques For Science Laboratory Technicians
About Lesson

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INTRODUCTION

Magnetism is the force, present in and between all objects, that is produced by the motion of electrons – and that results in the attraction and repulsion of different objects.

It is a ‘noncontact’ force that affects every single different object in the world, to a greater or less extent, and that is the result of the movement of these subatomic particles, electrons, and their electric charge

Magnets are substances that are able to attract and hold items.

Lodestone is the only known natural magnet which was discovered by the Chinese 2,000 years ago.

Other magnets produced artificially by man are called artificial magnets.

 

Magnets and Non-Magnetic Materials

Magnetic materials are those that are strongly attracted by magnets while non-magnetic ones are those that are not affected by magnets.

Iron, steel, cobalt and nickel are magnetic substances, while wood, glass and copper are examples of non-magnetic substances.

Substances that are repelled by magnets are said to be diamagnetic whereas those which are strongly attracted i.e. iron, nickel, cobalt are called ferromagnetic materials .

The materials that are so lightly attracted such that the magnet seems to have no effect on them are called paramagnetic materials (mostly non-magnetic materials).

Ferrites are a mixture of iron oxide and barium oxide are the most newly developed magnetic materials.

Ceramic magnets or magnadur magnets are made from ferrites and are very strong.

 Properties Of Magnets

  1. They are double poled substances with both the North and South poles.
  2. Like poles repel and unlike poles attract. Repulsion is a sure method of determining whether two substances are magnets.
  3. The greatest magnetic force is concentrated around the poles of a magnet.
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