Course Content
Microscopes and Microscopy
MICROSCOPES AND MICROSCOPY OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Name various types of microscopes. 2.State the function of parts of a microscope. 3.Describe the use of compound light microscopes describe care and maintenance of compound microscopes. 4.Describe preparation of microscope slides
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The Cell
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define and explain meaning of terms. 2.State types of cells. 3.Describe the cell structure under the light microscope. 4.State the functions of cell organelles. 5.Describe the process of mitosis and meiosis. 6.Describe physiological processes of cells. 7.describe the techniques of cell isolation. 8.Describe the procedure of temporary cell preparation.
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Microorganisms
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Classify the major groups of microorganisms. 2.State the general characteristics of each group. 3.Explain their mode of nutrition and reproduction. 4.Describe culture media. 5.Describe culturing techniques for bacteria. 6.Describe methods for determining bacteria population. 7.Describe sterilization and disinfection techniques.
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Immunological Techniques
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define terms. 2.Describe types of immunity. 3.Describe types of immune cells. 4.Describe the lymphoid organs and tissues. 5.Describe serological and immunological techniques.
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Herbarium Techniques
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain terms 2.Describe importance of collecting and preserving herbarium specimens 3.Describe sources of herbarium specimens 4.Describe collection of herbarium specimens 5.Describe preservation of herbarium specimens 6.Describe display of herbarium specimens
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Museum Techniques
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain terms. 2.Describe importance of collecting and preserving museum specimens. 3.Describe sources of museum specimens. 4.Describe collection of museum specimens. 5.Describe preservation of museum specimens. 6.Describe display of museum specimens
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Vivarium Techniques
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain terms. 2.Describe importance of vivarium. 3.Describe essential features of a vivarium. 4.Describe construction of a vivarium. 5.Describe maintenance of a vivarium.
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Aquarium Techniques
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain terms. 2.Describe importance of aquariums. 3.Describe essential features of an aquarium tank. 4.Describe construction of an aquarium tank. 5.Describe maintenance of an aquarium tank.
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Laboratory Animals
OBJECTIVES The objective of this chapter is to give a better understanding of the technical requirements regarding handling, care and maintained of various laboratory animals In this chapter, we will; 1. Identify the various types of laboratory animals. 2.Discuss the general care and handling of laboratory animals. 3. Describe the various methods of restraining and humane killing laboratory animals 4.Discuss care of specific disease free (SPF)and Gnotobiotic animals
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Introduction to Ecology
OBJECTIVE By the end of this module, the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain terms. 2.Describe biotic and abiotic factors. 3.Explain adaptation of organisms to terrestrial and aquatic environment. 4.Describe the energy flow in ecosystem. 5.Explain estimation of population in ecosystem. 6.Describe influence of human activities on environment. 7.Describe basic biogeochemical cycles.
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Plant Anatomy and Physiology
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Describe of plant parts and tissues. 2.Describe functions of various plant tissues. 3.Describe processes in plants .
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Biology Techniques For Science Laboratory Technicians
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Fungi

Fungi are a kingdom of eukaryotic organisms that include familiar organisms such as mushrooms, molds, and yeasts. They are found in a wide variety of habitats, including terrestrial, aquatic, and even within other organisms.

Here are some key characteristics of fungi:

  1. Structure: Fungi have a unique body structure composed of thread-like filaments called hyphae. A mass of hyphae is called a mycelium, which is often hidden beneath the surface and serves as the main feeding structure of the fungus.

  2. Reproduction: Fungi reproduce through the production of spores. These spores can be produced sexually or asexually, depending on the species. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of specialized cells from two different fungi, while asexual reproduction occurs through the direct division or budding of cells.

  3. Nutritional mode: Fungi are heterotrophs, meaning they obtain their nutrients by absorbing organic matter from their environment. They secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings and break down complex organic compounds, such as dead plant and animal material, to absorb the resulting simpler molecules.

  4. Ecological roles: Fungi play crucial roles in ecosystems. They are important decomposers, breaking down organic matter and recycling nutrients back into the environment. Fungi also form mutualistic relationships with other organisms, such as mycorrhizal associations with plant roots, where they help plants absorb nutrients from the soil.

  5. Economic importance: Fungi have numerous practical applications. They are used in food production (e.g., yeast for bread and brewing), medicine (e.g., antibiotics like penicillin), and biotechnology (e.g., production of enzymes and biofuels). Some fungi also cause plant diseases and infections in humans and animals.

It’s worth noting that while fungi share some similarities with plants, they are a separate kingdom with distinct characteristics. Fungi lack chlorophyll and cannot perform photosynthesis like plants do. Instead, they rely on organic matter for energy.

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