Course Content
Microscopes and Microscopy
MICROSCOPES AND MICROSCOPY OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Name various types of microscopes. 2.State the function of parts of a microscope. 3.Describe the use of compound light microscopes describe care and maintenance of compound microscopes. 4.Describe preparation of microscope slides
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The Cell
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define and explain meaning of terms. 2.State types of cells. 3.Describe the cell structure under the light microscope. 4.State the functions of cell organelles. 5.Describe the process of mitosis and meiosis. 6.Describe physiological processes of cells. 7.describe the techniques of cell isolation. 8.Describe the procedure of temporary cell preparation.
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Microorganisms
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Classify the major groups of microorganisms. 2.State the general characteristics of each group. 3.Explain their mode of nutrition and reproduction. 4.Describe culture media. 5.Describe culturing techniques for bacteria. 6.Describe methods for determining bacteria population. 7.Describe sterilization and disinfection techniques.
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Immunological Techniques
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Define terms. 2.Describe types of immunity. 3.Describe types of immune cells. 4.Describe the lymphoid organs and tissues. 5.Describe serological and immunological techniques.
0/8
Herbarium Techniques
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic , the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain terms 2.Describe importance of collecting and preserving herbarium specimens 3.Describe sources of herbarium specimens 4.Describe collection of herbarium specimens 5.Describe preservation of herbarium specimens 6.Describe display of herbarium specimens
0/8
Museum Techniques
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain terms. 2.Describe importance of collecting and preserving museum specimens. 3.Describe sources of museum specimens. 4.Describe collection of museum specimens. 5.Describe preservation of museum specimens. 6.Describe display of museum specimens
0/5
Vivarium Techniques
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain terms. 2.Describe importance of vivarium. 3.Describe essential features of a vivarium. 4.Describe construction of a vivarium. 5.Describe maintenance of a vivarium.
0/4
Aquarium Techniques
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain terms. 2.Describe importance of aquariums. 3.Describe essential features of an aquarium tank. 4.Describe construction of an aquarium tank. 5.Describe maintenance of an aquarium tank.
0/4
Laboratory Animals
OBJECTIVES The objective of this chapter is to give a better understanding of the technical requirements regarding handling, care and maintained of various laboratory animals In this chapter, we will; 1. Identify the various types of laboratory animals. 2.Discuss the general care and handling of laboratory animals. 3. Describe the various methods of restraining and humane killing laboratory animals 4.Discuss care of specific disease free (SPF)and Gnotobiotic animals
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Introduction to Ecology
OBJECTIVE By the end of this module, the trainee should be able to: 1.Explain terms. 2.Describe biotic and abiotic factors. 3.Explain adaptation of organisms to terrestrial and aquatic environment. 4.Describe the energy flow in ecosystem. 5.Explain estimation of population in ecosystem. 6.Describe influence of human activities on environment. 7.Describe basic biogeochemical cycles.
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Plant Anatomy and Physiology
OBJECTIVES By the end of this topic, the trainee should be able to: 1.Describe of plant parts and tissues. 2.Describe functions of various plant tissues. 3.Describe processes in plants .
0/9
Biology Techniques For Science Laboratory Technicians
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Classification of Enzymes 

Enzymes can be classified into different categories based on various criteria. 

  1. Enzyme Commission (EC) Number: The Enzyme Commission is an organization that assigns a unique numerical classification system, known as the EC number, to enzymes based on the type of reaction they catalyze. The EC number consists of four digits separated by dots and provides information about the enzyme’s class, subclass, sub-subclass, and serial number within the sub-subclass. For example, the EC number 1.1.1.1 represents an oxidoreductase enzyme.

  2. Enzyme Class: Enzymes can be categorized into six main classes based on the type of reaction they catalyze: a. Oxidoreductases: Catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions. b. Transferases: Transfer functional groups between molecules. c. Hydrolases: Catalyze hydrolysis reactions, breaking bonds with the addition of water. d. Lyases: Catalyze the addition or removal of groups to form double bonds. e. Isomerases: Catalyze the rearrangement of atoms within a molecule. f. Ligases: Catalyze the joining of two molecules using energy from ATP.

  3. Substrate Specificity: Enzymes can be classified based on their substrate specificity, indicating the type of molecule or group of molecules they act upon. For example, proteases are enzymes that specifically catalyze the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins, while lipases catalyze the hydrolysis of lipids.

  4. Biological Function: Enzymes can be classified based on their biological function or the metabolic pathway they are involved in. For example, enzymes involved in glycolysis, such as hexokinase and phosphofructokinase, are classified as glycolytic enzymes.

  5. Regulatory Mechanism: Enzymes can be classified based on their regulatory mechanisms. For example, allosteric enzymes are regulated by the binding of specific molecules to regulatory sites other than the active site, influencing their activity.

  6. Genetic Classification: Enzymes can also be classified based on their genetic origin and structure. For example, enzymes can be classified as either RNA enzymes (ribozymes) or protein enzymes.

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